Pharmaceutical Products

1. Basic Information:
Product Name Pentoxifylline
Synonym Trental,3,7-Dimethyl-1-(5-oxohexyl)-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione
CAS 6493-05-6
MF C13H18N4O3
MW 278.31
EINECS 229-374-5
Assay 99%
Quality Standards Country Standard/Pharma Grade
Appearance White powder

2. Quick View:
Pentoxifylline (INN, BAN, USAN) or oxpentifylline (AAN) is a drug commonly sold by Sanofi under the brand name Trental. Its chemical name is 1-(5-oxohexyl)-3, 7-dimethylxanthine. Pentoxifylline is a xanthine derivative. Other brand names include Pentox, Pentoxil and Flexital.
3. Medical uses:
Its primary use in medicine is in treating the symptoms of intermittent claudication resulting from peripheral artery disease. This is its only FDA, MHRA and TGA-labelled indication.
Other indications for which the literature supports its use in include:
(1) Multi-infarct dementia
(2) Peyronie& acute;s disease
(3) Sarcoidosis
(4) Peripheral neuropathy
(5) Sickle cell disease
(6) Alcoholic and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
(7) Endometriosis
(8) Radiation-induced fibrosis
(9) Pentoxyphylline is also used to prevent renal toxicity in cases of alcoholic hepatitis.
4. Mechanism:
Like other methylated xanthine derivatives, pentoxifylline is a competitive nonselective phosphodiesterase inhibitor which raises intracellular CAMP, activates PKA, inhibits TNF and leukotriene synthesis, and reduces inflammation and innate immunity. In addition, pentoxifylline improves red blood cell deformability (known as a haemorrheologic effect), reduces blood viscosity and decreases the potential for platelet aggregation and thrombus formation. Pentoxifylline is also an antagonist at adenosine 2 receptors.